c. 359 BCE–c. 336 BCE
Macedonian reforms: sarissa, siegecraft, and army
War & military technology · Infantería · Armas de asta · Asedio · Doctrina
During Philip II’s reign, Macedon combined infantry equipped with the long sarissa with improved catapults and siege machinery. The Metropolitan Museum presents these as innovations that put its armies among the most advanced in their setting; this entry does not turn them into isolated inventions or reduce military outcomes to technology, since organization, resources, and alliances also mattered.
Precision, calendar, and review
- Start
- year · approximate
- End
- year · approximate
- Calendar and convention
- Historical-era years; the source calendar is not identified. No conversion of days is assumed.
- Year zero
- The scale goes from 1 BCE to 1 CE without year zero. Changing era names changes labels only.
- Documentary review
- Date not recorded
Reading the date: duration of a process.
Sources
- www.metmuseum.org (opens in a new tab)
Source provenance and scope
- Publication date
- Pending verification: the source could not be accessed
- Bibliographic date checked
- 2026-09-23
The correspondence between this reference and individual claims has not yet been itemized.
This record is an editorial synthesis. Consult the sources to check claims and their limits. Chronological relationships alone do not establish causation.