c. 1000 CE–c. 1100 CE
Chinese paper money and state/merchant issuance
Money, banking & finance · Currency and payments
During the eleventh century, China used paper money issued by both merchants and authorities, especially for large transactions, alongside bronze coins and unminted silver. The milestone concerns the payment and issuance mechanism, not Chinese doctrines or traditions, nor an anachronistic idea of a fully modern central bank.
Precision, calendar, and review
- Start
- year · approximate
- End
- year · approximate
- Calendar and convention
- Historical-era years; the source calendar is not identified. No conversion of days is assumed.
- Year zero
- The scale goes from 1 BCE to 1 CE without year zero. Changing era names changes labels only.
- Documentary review
- Date not recorded
Reading the date: duration of a process.
Sources
- blogs.loc.gov (opens in a new tab)
Source provenance and scope
- Publication date
- Pending verification: the source could not be accessed
- Bibliographic date checked
- 2026-09-23
The correspondence between this reference and individual claims has not yet been itemized.
This record is an editorial synthesis. Consult the sources to check claims and their limits. Chronological relationships alone do not establish causation.