1997 AD–2005 AD
Kyoto Protocol and flexible mechanisms
Climate & environment · Cambio climático · Política climática · Mercados de carbono · Derecho ambiental
The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in 1997 and entered into force in 2005. It operationalized the Framework Convention with targets for industrialized Parties and economies in transition, together with international emissions trading, joint implementation, and the Clean Development Mechanism. Its mechanisms were accounting, incentive, and verification instruments within agreed rules; their existence did not by itself demonstrate equivalent reductions or identical distributive outcomes.
Precision, calendar, and review
- Start
- year · no uncertainty qualifier in this record
- End
- year · no uncertainty qualifier in this record
- Calendar and convention
- Historical-era years; the source calendar is not identified. No conversion of days is assumed.
- Year zero
- The scale goes from 1 BCE to 1 CE without year zero. Changing era names changes labels only.
- Documentary review
- Date not recorded
Reading the date: duration of a process.
Sources
- www.unfccc.int (opens in a new tab)
Source provenance and scope
- Publication date
- Pending verification: the source could not be accessed
- Bibliographic date checked
- 2026-09-23
The correspondence between this reference and individual claims has not yet been itemized.
This record is an editorial synthesis. Consult the sources to check claims and their limits. Chronological relationships alone do not establish causation.