1883 CE–2015 CE
Residential schools: assimilation, survival and truth
British Empire · Resistance & colonized agency · Indigenous peoples & dispossession · Law & imperial government · Memory, reparation & restitution
From the 1880s, the Canadian state and several churches operated a residential-school network that separated Indigenous children from their families, languages and cultures; the last federally funded school closed in 1996. After decades of survivor testimony, litigation and organizing, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission published its final report and 94 Calls to Action in 2015. The timeline thus connects a long-lived colonial institution with the agency of those who compelled the country to document its harms and legacies
Precision, calendar, and review
- Start
- year · no uncertainty qualifier in this record
- End
- year · no uncertainty qualifier in this record
- Calendar and convention
- Historical-era years; the source calendar is not identified. No conversion of days is assumed.
- Year zero
- The scale goes from 1 BCE to 1 CE without year zero. Changing era names changes labels only.
- Documentary review
- Date not recorded
Reading the date: duration of a process.
Sources
- 1. www.canada.ca (opens in a new tab)
Source provenance and scope
- Publication date
- Pending verification: the source could not be accessed
- Bibliographic date checked
- 2026-09-23
The correspondence between this reference and individual claims has not yet been itemized.
- 2. publications.gc.ca (opens in a new tab)
Source provenance and scope
- Publication date
- Not identified in metadata; document review pending
- Bibliographic date checked
- 2026-09-23
The correspondence between this reference and individual claims has not yet been itemized.
- 3. www.canada.ca (opens in a new tab)
Source provenance and scope
- Publication date
- Pending verification: the source could not be accessed
- Bibliographic date checked
- 2026-09-23
The correspondence between this reference and individual claims has not yet been itemized.
This record is an editorial synthesis. Consult the sources to check claims and their limits. Chronological relationships alone do not establish causation.