Judaism

An editorial selection for comparing processes, events, and lives. The interval and counts describe selected records, not the historical boundaries or importance of the subject.

Canonical records: 46
Events: 24
People: 1
Processes and periods: 21

Compare in the atlas Selection criteria and limits

Topics represented

Judaism (43) · Religion (43) · Texts and halakha (7) · Diaspora (6) · Conflict (5) · Temples and worship (5) · Political history (4) · Rabbinic Judaism (4) · Antisemitism and the Shoah (3) · Law & constitutions (3) · Shoah (3) · Zionism (3)

View distribution by region and period

Canonical records by regional label and start date. These are numerical analysis bins, not universal historical periods. A multi-region record appears in multiple rows; do not add rows as a unique-record total.
Region	3000–1 BCE	1–1499	1500–1799	1800–1899	1900–1999
Africa	0	4	0	0	0
Americas	0	1	0	1	1
Asia	12	13	0	0	4
Europe	0	2	4	3	8
Oceania	0	0	0	0	0
Global / no specific region	0	0	0	0	1

Records and sources

Ordered by start date. Long lives and processes may begin before the period you want to study.

c. 1770–c. 1830
Haskalah (Jewish Enlightenment)
Intellectuals and educators promoted linguistic, educational, and civic renewal, with varied effects by region and social class.
1791
Jewish emancipation in France
The French Assembly recognized full Jewish citizenship; it became a reference, not a uniform model, for Europe.
1818
Hamburg Reform Temple
Early Reform worship crystallized debates over liturgy, language, ritual, and authority that shaped modern movements.
1881–1884
Pogroms and mass migration
Anti-Jewish violence in the Russian Empire accelerated migration to the Americas and elsewhere, as well as self-organization and Zionism.
1897
First Zionist Congress
The Basel congress institutionalized modern political Zionism; Jewish communities retain diverse positions on Zionism.
1917
Balfour Declaration
The British government declared support for a “national home” for the Jewish people in Palestine; it requires context about the Palestinian population and later Mandate.
1933
Beginning of state Nazi persecution
After Hitler came to power, the regime progressively excluded Jews from civic life, employment, and rights.
1935
Nuremberg Laws
The Nazi regime turned racial antisemitism into law; its categories do not equal Jewish religious categories.
1938
November Pogrom (Kristallnacht)
Coordinated state violence against synagogues, homes, businesses, and Jewish people in Germany and annexed territories.
1939–1944
Ghettos under Nazi occupation
Nazis and collaborators confined millions of Jews; ghettos were segregation, exploitation, and murder, not a Jewish institution.
1942
Deportations and systematic mass murder
Nazi genocidal policy intensified through deportation to killing centers and mass murder; approximately six million Jews were murdered.
1943
Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
Jewish organizations resisted the ghetto’s liquidation; it is one landmark among many civil, cultural, and armed forms of resistance.
1945
Liberation, survivors, and displaced persons
Nazi defeat left survivors, destroyed families, and a displaced-persons crisis that reshaped communities and migration.
1947
UN Resolution 181 (II)
The General Assembly recommended partition with an Arab state, a Jewish state, and an international regime for Jerusalem; it was not implemented as envisioned.
1948
Declaration of the State of Israel
The People’s Council proclaimed the State of Israel at the end of the British Mandate. It should be compared with the world/political line for the 1948 war and Palestinian displacement.
c. 1980–c. 2024
Contemporary Jewish institutional pluralism
Orthodox, Conservative/Masorti, Reform/Liberal, Reconstructionist, Karaite, and secular communities sustain transnational institutions; they are not one voice.