Climate & environment
An editorial selection for comparing processes, events, and lives. The interval and counts describe selected records, not the historical boundaries or importance of the subject.
- Canonical records
- 64
- Events
- 0
- People
- 1
- Processes and periods
- 63
Topics represented
Climate & environment (50) · Cooperación internacional (16) · Derecho ambiental (12) · Gobernanza ambiental (11) · Cambio climático (8) · Paleoclima (8) · British Empire (7) · Oceans, navigation & cartography (7) · Política climática (7) · Biodiversidad (5) · Famine, health & environment (5) · Hydrography & bathymetry (5)
View distribution by region and period
| Region | Before 3000 BCE | 3000–1 BCE | 1–1499 | 1500–1799 | 1800–1899 | 1900–1999 | Since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Africa | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 2 |
| Americas | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 11 | 3 |
| Asia | 0 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3 |
| Europe | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 5 |
| Oceania | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Global / no specific region | 9 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 18 | 12 |
Records and sources
Ordered by start date. Long lives and processes may begin before the period you want to study.
2023
First global stocktake of the Paris AgreementThe first global stocktake of the Paris Agreement concluded at COP28 in 2023 with a decision recognizing that progress was too slow and calling for accelerated action before 2030. The outcome includes mitigation, adaptation, means of implementation, and links to nature, but guides Parties’ updating of action; it does not replace national plans or demonstrate that its calls have already been fulfilled.
2023
WMO global mean temperature for 2023WMO reported that the global mean near-surface temperature in 2023 was 1.45 °C ± 0.12 °C above the 1850–1900 average, its pre-industrial reference, and was the warmest year in the observational record at that time. The figure is a consolidated annual global estimate; it does not by itself describe every region’s temperature or the long-term warming used to assess the Paris goals.
2024
COP29 new collective quantified climate-finance goalAt COP29 in 2024, Parties agreed a new collective quantified climate-finance goal: at least USD 300 billion annually by 2035 for developing countries, led by developed countries, alongside a broader call to mobilize USD 1.3 trillion annually by 2035 from public and private sources. It is a goal and mobilization framework; amounts disbursed, access, and support quality require separate tracking.
2024
WMO global mean temperature for 2024WMO estimated that the global mean near-surface temperature in 2024 was 1.55 °C ± 0.13 °C above the 1850–1900 average, from a synthesis of six datasets, and that 2024 was the warmest year on record. A single calendar year above 1.5 °C relative to that reference does not by itself mean that the Paris Agreement’s long-term warming level has been exceeded.